Fascism:
The word fascism comes from the Italian word fascio, which means "bundles." Commonly associated with Italy and Benito Mussolini, fascism is a rather complex political ideology. Most historians can agree that it tends to be authoritarian and extremely nationalistic, but the core characteristic can be hard to define. The father of fascism studies, Robert Paxton of Columbia University, has defined fascism as "a form of political practice distinctive to the 20th century that arouses popular enthusiasm by sophisticated propaganda techniques for an anti-liberal, anti-socialist, violently exclusionary, expansionist nationalist agenda."Mussolini created the term "fascism" and was able to establish the first one-party fascist state. He believed that democracy had failed, and that the best way to achieve unity and freedom was to unify the society under the state through fascism. In addition to this sentiment, violence was seen as a necessary and beneficial tool to rid society of anything that didn't conform to this order.
Nazism:
Nazism (National Socialism) is a form of totalitarianism that was notorious during WWII for its takeover of Germany. Elements of nazism could be seen as early as the late 17th century, developed under the Prussian leader Frederick William I, and over time, it was contributed to by philosophers and intellectuals like Richard Wagner and Houston Stewart Chamberlain. The core elements that remained the same were the emphasis on dictatorship and racial superiority. Nazism shares many similar elements to Italian fascism, but is arguably the more extreme of the two. It places a great emphasis on ensuring the superiority of the Aryan race by eliminating all other enemies of its goal.Communism:
Communism was a political ideology created by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. It was created to prevent worker from being exploited under capitalism. Not to be confused with socialism, communism is a political and economic system where private property is effectively abolished. It strives to create a society where everything is publicly owned and managed, and where everyone each person can work and earn according to their needs and abilities. The fundamental difference between communism and socialism is that communism provides all individuals according to their needs, whereas in socialism, individuals reimbursed based on their participation.Sources:
https://www.livescience.com/57622-fascism.html
https://time.com/5556242/what-is-fascism/
https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/nazi-party
https://www.britannica.com/event/Nazism
http://www.businessdictionary.com/article/1030/communism-vs-socialism-d1412/
I liked how you gave an equal description and summary for each political ideology, and I was intrigued by how different each one was from one another. After remembering some other ideologies present during world war two, I did some research on socialism. Socialism is found to relate to both Communism and Capitalism, as through Marxist theory, whereby it exists as a transitional social state between the two. Currently, there are four self-declared socialist states present, those being China, Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam, many of who declared this a few years following the end of world war two.
ReplyDeletehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_socialist_states
https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/socialism/
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteThis is a well done, organized blog post. One thing I found when researching was another "ism" called Marxism. Marxism is an economic system that was introduced by Karl Marx on the basis that there were no social classes. It is similar to communism in the sense that everything it supposed to be equal. It is also the direct opposite of capitalism, as everything is meant to be equally distributed and shared.
ReplyDeletehttps://www.britannica.com/topic/Marxism
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/marxism.asp